{"id":9144,"date":"2023-12-20T17:42:54","date_gmt":"2023-12-20T17:42:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/blog\/2023\/12\/20\/cas-na-alergiu\/"},"modified":"2023-12-20T17:42:54","modified_gmt":"2023-12-20T17:42:54","slug":"cas-na-alergiu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/blog\/2023\/12\/20\/cas-na-alergiu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010cas na alergiu?"},"content":{"rendered":"


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\u010coraz viac \u013eud\u00ed je alergick\u00fdch, preto\u017ee \u010doraz viac l\u00e1tok n\u00e1s senzibilizuje, sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa r\u00f4zne neduhy \u2013 okrem sennej n\u00e1dchy aj lok\u00e1lne za\u010dervenanie ko\u017ee, slzenie o\u010d\u00ed, svrbenie podnebia a hrdla, chrapot, opuchy, bolesti hlavy, podr\u00e1\u017edenos\u0165 a nechutenstvo, hna\u010dka a boles\u0165.\u017eal\u00fadok. Senzibiliz\u00e1cia (alergia) sa m\u00f4\u017ee prejavova\u0165 mnoh\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi a postihova\u0165 r\u00f4zne org\u00e1ny \u2013 od hlavy a\u017e po takmer chodidl\u00e1, preto\u017ee v\u0161etko z\u00e1vis\u00ed od typu alergie. Prim\u00e1rnou pr\u00ed\u010dinou v\u0161etk\u00fdch t\u00fdchto nepr\u00edjemn\u00fdch prejavov je alerg\u00e9n \u2013 senzibiliz\u00e1tor. Ak\u00e1ko\u013evek zdanlivo ne\u0161kodn\u00e1 l\u00e1tka sa m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165 l\u00e1tkou. Zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee do roku 2020 bude ma\u0165 nejak\u00fd typ alergie pribli\u017ene 50 % na\u0161ej popul\u00e1cie.<\/span><\/div>\n

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Ka\u017ed\u00e1 alergia je abnorm\u00e1lna reakcia imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu na faktor, ktor\u00fd v tele sp\u00f4sobuje s\u00e9riu prudk\u00fdch reakci\u00ed.<\/b>
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Ako to funguje?<\/b><\/div>\n
Ke\u010f sa alerg\u00e9n dostane do tela, br\u00e1ni sa zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm produkcie histam\u00ednu. T\u00e1to l\u00e1tka nahromaden\u00e1 v \u017e\u00edrnych bunk\u00e1ch ko\u017ee, d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest a tr\u00e1viaceho traktu \u2013 hr\u00e1 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu v obrannom mechanizme. Pocit p\u00e1lenia v ko\u017ei po trieske, u\u0161tipnut\u00ed kom\u00e1rom, po\u0161kriaban\u00ed at\u010f. je v\u00fdsledkom uvo\u013enenia histam\u00ednu zo \u017e\u00edrnych buniek na obrann\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely! Histam\u00edn v\u0161ak za svoju zl\u00fa poves\u0165 v\u010fa\u010d\u00ed alergick\u00fdm reakci\u00e1m, kedy podnet nie je v\u00f4bec nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd, a tak telo uvo\u013e\u0148uje histam\u00edn celkom zbyto\u010dne. Sympt\u00f3my a typy alergi\u00ed sa m\u00f4\u017eu vekom meni\u0165. Tu je r\u00fdchly \u201epreh\u013ead alergi\u00ed\u201c.
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senn\u00e1 n\u00e1dcha<\/b><\/div>\n
Ide o alergick\u00fa n\u00e1dchu sp\u00f4soben\u00fa najm\u00e4 precitlivenos\u0165ou na pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 pe\u013eu rastl\u00edn v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Ke\u010f\u017ee s\u00fa v\u0161adepr\u00edtomn\u00e9, alergick\u00e9 reakcie m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 n\u00e1hle a dlhotrvaj\u00face. Tento typ alergie sa vyskytuje po\u010das pe\u013eu rastl\u00edn. Niektor\u00e9 rastliny za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa ope\u013eova\u0165 u\u017e od janu\u00e1ra (aj v na\u0161ich klimatick\u00fdch podmienkach po\u010das zimy!), preto n\u00e1s tento typ alergie m\u00f4\u017ee tr\u00e1pi\u0165 nieko\u013eko mesiacov v roku. Najcharakteristickej\u0161\u00edmi pr\u00edznakmi s\u00fa slzenie o\u010d\u00ed, v\u00fdtok z nosa alebo upchatie (upchatie), k\u00fdchanie a podr\u00e1\u017edenie slizn\u00edc.<\/span><\/div>\n

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Potravinov\u00e1 alergia<\/b><\/div>\n
Tento typ alergie (na jedlo) m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 za n\u00e1sledok: vracanie, nevo\u013enos\u0165, hna\u010dku, z\u00e1pchu a bolesti brucha. \u010casto je prv\u00fdm pr\u00edznakom bru\u0161n\u00e1 distenzia, \u010drevn\u00e1 kolika, strata chuti do jedla, nepr\u00edjemn\u00fd dych a… an\u00e1lne svrbenie! Potravinov\u00e1 alergia m\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 zmeny v in\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch alebo org\u00e1noch. Medzi pr\u00edznaky patr\u00ed \u00fanava, nadmern\u00e1 ospalos\u0165, bolesti hlavy, \u0165a\u017ekosti s koncentr\u00e1ciou a hyperaktivita. Naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edmi alerg\u00e9nnymi potravinami s\u00fa bielkoviny kravsk\u00e9ho mlieka (kaze\u00edn) alebo jeho cukor (lakt\u00f3za), vaje\u010dn\u00e9 bielka, sez\u00f3nne ovocie (jahody!), zelenina (paradajky, zeler), orechy (najm\u00e4 ara\u0161idy) a mnoh\u00e9 in\u00e9.<\/span><\/div>\n

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Ko\u017en\u00e9 alergie \u2013 od vyr\u00e1\u017eky po atopick\u00fa dermatit\u00eddu<\/b><\/div>\n
Ide o in\u00fd typ alergie, ktor\u00fd v\u0161ak postihuje poko\u017eku. Vo v\u0161eobecnosti vznik\u00e1 vplyvom rastlinn\u00fdch alebo \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161nych l\u00e1tok (chlpy ma\u010diek, psov), chemick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn (latex), kovov (nikel, chr\u00f3m) alebo potravy. M\u00f4\u017ee to by\u0165 d\u00f4sledok fyzick\u00e9ho kontaktu poko\u017eky s alerg\u00e9nom (kozmetika, nikel v \u0161perkoch nosen\u00fdch na tele, latexov\u00e9 rukavice), ale aj konzum\u00e1cia niektor\u00fdch produktov. Sympt\u00f3my zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa: \u017eih\u013eavku (svrbenie a vodnat\u00e9 p\u013euzgiere na ko\u017ei), r\u00f4zne formy ekz\u00e9mov (ekz\u00e9my). Ko\u017en\u00e9 alergie sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa zmeny na ko\u017ei \u2013 za\u010dervenanie, suchos\u0165, boles\u0165 a svrbenie. Exacerb\u00e1cia ko\u017enej alergie sa naz\u00fdva atopick\u00e1 dermatit\u00edda (AD).
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Ako sa chr\u00e1ni\u0165 pred alergiami?<\/b><\/div>\n
Niektor\u00fdm typom alergi\u00ed sa mo\u017eno vyhn\u00fa\u0165 vyh\u00fdban\u00edm sa alerg\u00e9nom. Najprv by ste ich v\u0161ak mali identifikova\u0165 a potom sa ich pok\u00fasi\u0165 odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 zo svojho najbli\u017e\u0161ieho okolia.<\/span><\/div>\n

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Ak v\u0161ak vezmeme do \u00favahy r\u00f4znorodos\u0165 l\u00e1tok, s ktor\u00fdmi prich\u00e1dzame do kontaktu a ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu v organizme vyvola\u0165 tak\u00fato reakciu, ako aj neust\u00e1lu pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 alerg\u00e9nnych zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn v \u017eivotnom prostred\u00ed – t\u00e1to \u00faloha sa st\u00e1va ve\u013emi n\u00e1ro\u010dnou a \u010dasto a\u017e nemo\u017enou. .<\/b><\/div>\n

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Na pomoc prich\u00e1dza skupina antialergick\u00fdch liekov, hlavne antihistaminik\u00e1, naj\u010dastej\u0161ie peror\u00e1lne, ktor\u00e9 inhibuj\u00fa vylu\u010dovanie histam\u00ednu v tele. Antihistaminik\u00e1 s\u00fa dostupn\u00e9 bez lek\u00e1rskeho predpisu, to v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee ich pacient m\u00f4\u017ee u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 bez miery. Medzi tak\u00e9to OTC lieky patria: loratad\u00edn a cetiriz\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 sa vyzna\u010duj\u00fa dlhotrvaj\u00facim \u00fa\u010dinkom, \u010do je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, preto\u017ee blokuj\u00fa ne\u017eiaduce \u00fa\u010dinky histam\u00ednu. Je tie\u017e dok\u00e1zan\u00e9, \u017ee antihistaminik\u00e1 maj\u00fa aj protiz\u00e1palov\u00e9 vlastnosti. \u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 peror\u00e1lnych antihistamin\u00edk je najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia pri alergi\u00e1ch horn\u00fdch d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest (pollin\u00f3za) a ak\u00fatnej urtik\u00e1rii. Pri niektor\u00fdch typoch alergi\u00ed je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 lok\u00e1lne pod\u00e1vanie liekov \u2013 intranaz\u00e1lne, inhala\u010dne (pomocou inhal\u00e1torov), do spojovkov\u00e9ho vaku a na ko\u017eu. V\u00fdhodou pod\u00e1vania liekov t\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom je mo\u017enos\u0165 z\u00edska\u0165 vysok\u00e9 lok\u00e1lne koncentr\u00e1cie a vyhn\u00fa\u0165 sa syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinkom. Navy\u0161e n\u00e1stup \u00fa\u010dinku topick\u00fdch lie\u010div, napr\u00edklad vazokonstriktorov, je zvy\u010dajne r\u00fdchlej\u0161\u00ed ako pri peror\u00e1lnom pod\u00e1van\u00ed.<\/span><\/div>\n
Len pri \u017eivot ohrozuj\u00facich pr\u00edznakoch (anafylaktick\u00fd \u0161ok) alebo \u0165a\u017ekej exacerb\u00e1cii alergie je lep\u0161ie pod\u00e1va\u0165 lieky celkovo alebo aj vn\u00fatro\u017eilovo.<\/span><\/div>\n
D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 je aj \u0161pecializovan\u00e1 starostlivos\u0165 \u2013 pri ko\u017en\u00fdch alergi\u00e1ch pou\u017e\u00edvanie lek\u00e1rensk\u00fdch \u010distiacich a o\u0161etruj\u00facich pr\u00edpravkov (emolienci\u00ed). Pri sennej n\u00e1dche je vhodn\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 spreje s morskou vodou alebo fyziologick\u00fdm roztokom, ktor\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00fa pri ka\u017edodennej hygiene, preto\u017ee odstra\u0148uj\u00fa alerg\u00e9ny z nosovej sliznice. V pr\u00edpade alergickej konjunktivit\u00eddy sa po zmiernen\u00ed ak\u00fatnych pr\u00edznakov oplat\u00ed pou\u017ei\u0165 o\u010dn\u00e9 kvapky \u2013 tzv. umel\u00e9 slzy, ktor\u00e9 pom\u00f4\u017eu odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 ne\u010distoty z povrchu o\u010dnej gule. <\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u010coraz viac \u013eud\u00ed je alergick\u00fdch, preto\u017ee \u010doraz viac l\u00e1tok n\u00e1s senzibilizuje, sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa r\u00f4zne neduhy \u2013 okrem sennej n\u00e1dchy aj lok\u00e1lne…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7149,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[184],"class_list":["post-9144","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-calivita","tag-alergia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9144","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9144"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9144\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7149"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9144"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9144"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9144"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}