\n
<\/p>\n
Z\u00e1n\u011bt neboli z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e1 reakce je stereotypn\u00ed, komplexn\u00ed, v\u00fdvojem z\u00edskan\u00e1 schopnost \u017eiv\u00fdch organism\u016f reagovat na r\u016fzn\u00e1 po\u0161kozen\u00ed, jejich\u017e p\u0159\u00edznaky jsou: eryt\u00e9m (zarudnut\u00ed), bulka (otok), z\u00e1n\u011bt (teplo), citlivost (bolest) a functio laesa (zhor\u0161en\u00e1 funkce). V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b chronick\u00fdch metabolick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je diabetes 2. typu nebo obezita, se na bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 \u00farovni vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 mechanismy a sign\u00e1ln\u00ed molekuly jako u klasick\u00e9ho z\u00e1n\u011btu, ale v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky se nevyskytuj\u00ed. Proto bylo pro tyto chronick\u00e9 stavy navr\u017eeno ozna\u010den\u00ed „z\u00e1n\u011bt n\u00edzk\u00e9ho stupn\u011b“ nebo chronick\u00fd z\u00e1n\u011bt.<\/span><\/p>\n Bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee tukov\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148 hraje v\u00fdznamnou roli p\u0159i z\u00e1n\u011btech n\u00edzk\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b. Vztah mezi nadm\u011brn\u00fdm hromad\u011bn\u00edm tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b a rozvojem inzulinov\u00e9 rezistence nebo diabetu 2. typu je zn\u00e1m ji\u017e dlouhou dobu, ale poznatky o vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdch z\u00e1vislostech p\u0159ineslo studium klinick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f lipodystrofie, tedy stavu, kdy lipodystrofie ( vrozen\u00e1 nebo z\u00edskan\u00e1), vyskytuje se v\u00fdrazn\u00e1 dysfunkce tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b nebo zcela chyb\u00ed (lipoatrofie).<\/p>\n Takto posti\u017een\u00ed lid\u00e9 trp\u00ed t\u011b\u017ekou inzulinovou rezistenc\u00ed se v\u0161emi typick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky, v\u010detn\u011b diabetu 2. typu. Jedn\u00e1 se tedy o identick\u00e9 poruchy, kter\u00e9 se b\u011b\u017en\u011b vyskytuj\u00ed u stavu spojen\u00e9ho s chronick\u00fdm nadbytkem \u017eivin \u2013 obezitou.<\/p>\n Tento zd\u00e1nliv\u00fd paradox lze vysv\u011btlit schopnost\u00ed tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b vhodn\u011b zpracov\u00e1vat tok \u017eivin, tedy ukl\u00e1dat lipidy v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jejich zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho (nikoli v\u0161ak trval\u00e9ho) p\u0159\u00edsunu a uvol\u0148ovat je v procesu lipol\u00fdzy (rozklad tuk\u016f nahromad\u011bn\u00fdch v tukov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky).<\/p>\n V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u00fapln\u00e9 absence tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b (lipoatrofie) nebo omezen\u00ed jej\u00ed funkce a mno\u017estv\u00ed (lipodystrofie) je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee t\u011blo tuto \u201eabsorp\u010dn\u00ed\u201c schopnost tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b ztratilo a lipidy se ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed v jin\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00edch, kde v\u00fdznamn\u011b interaguj\u00ed s intermedi\u00e1rn\u00edm metabolismem a pod\u00edlej\u00ed se na rozvoji inzulinov\u00e9 rezistence.<\/p>\n U ob\u00e9zn\u00edch lid\u00ed je situace jin\u00e1: chronick\u00fd p\u0159ebytek energie vede k postupn\u00e9mu zv\u011bt\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed objemu tukov\u00fdch bun\u011bk (adipocyt\u016f) a teprve po dosa\u017een\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 kritick\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b velikosti tukov\u00fdch bun\u011bk doch\u00e1z\u00ed k aktivaci a proliferaci preadipocyt\u016f a vzniku nov\u00e9ho tuku bu\u0148ky jsou vytvo\u0159eny.<\/p>\n Je dok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed tukov\u00e1 bu\u0148ka, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed inzulinov\u00e1 rezistence a riziko vzniku cukrovky.<\/p>\n Chronick\u00fd, m\u00edrn\u00fd z\u00e1n\u011bt je charakterizov\u00e1n zv\u00fd\u0161enou produkc\u00ed \u0159ady cytokin\u016f (l\u00e1tky podobn\u00e9 protein\u016fm slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k interakci s bu\u0148kami a p\u0159enosu informac\u00ed) z tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b, zejm\u00e9na TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-1, IL-8, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e produkce cytokin\u016f protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9ho adiponektinu a leptinu je sn\u00ed\u017eena.<\/p>\n Za produkci t\u011bchto cytokin\u016f jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 makrof\u00e1gy, kter\u00e9 jsou fyziologicky p\u0159\u00edtomny v tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1ni a ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e se rekrutuj\u00ed do tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b p\u0159i rozvoji obezity.<\/p>\n Makrof\u00e1gy v tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1ni se shlukuj\u00ed hlavn\u011b kolem velk\u00fdch, hypertrofick\u00fdch, odum\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edch nebo mrtv\u00fdch tukov\u00fdch bun\u011bk.<\/p>\n V procesu bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 smrti hypertrofovan\u00fdch tukov\u00fdch bun\u011bk hraje d\u016fle\u017eitou roli fenom\u00e9n zvan\u00fd \u201estres endoplazmatick\u00e9ho retikula\u201c. Tato intracelul\u00e1rn\u00ed organela pln\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed funkci p\u0159i synt\u00e9ze protein\u016f.<\/p>\n Nadbytek \u017eivin je jedn\u00edm z faktor\u016f zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00edch zv\u00fd\u0161enou popt\u00e1vku po endoplazmatick\u00e9m retikulu v tukov\u00fdch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed reakce na tento stres jsou rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 zm\u011bny v bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9m metabolismu, kter\u00e9 mohou v\u00e9st k bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 smrti.<\/p>\n Na dne\u0161n\u00ed \u00farovni znalost\u00ed lze vznik inzul\u00ednov\u00e9 rezistence v d\u016fsledku proz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9ho stavu organismu shrnout do n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho sledu ud\u00e1lost\u00ed: nadbytek \u017eivin a nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 aktivita vedou k hypertrofii tukov\u00fdch bun\u011bk a poruch\u00e1m citlivosti na inzul\u00edn. c\u00edlov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b, zejm\u00e9na svaly.<\/p>\n Hypertrofick\u00e9 tukov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, a tedy pozm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1 tukov\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148, d\u00e1le zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed m\u00edrn\u00fd proz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fd stav produkc\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdch cytokin\u016f a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hladiny voln\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin uvoln\u011bn\u00fdch p\u0159i lipol\u00fdze v tukov\u00fdch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n Jak nemoc postupuje, makrof\u00e1g\u016f v tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1ni p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 a makrof\u00e1gy jsou p\u0159ivol\u00e1ny do tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b, aby eliminovaly odum\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed tukov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky.<\/p>\n Tyto makrof\u00e1gy produkuj\u00ed proz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky n\u00edzk\u00e9 intenzity a vedou k inzul\u00ednov\u00e9 rezistenci. To vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed ob\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro vznik diabetu 2. typu.<\/p>\n Proto\u017ee chronick\u00fd m\u00edrn\u00fd z\u00e1n\u011bt je jedn\u00edm z aspekt\u016f abdomin\u00e1ln\u00ed obezity, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee trval\u00e9 vystaven\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdm cytokin\u016fm z makrof\u00e1g\u016f vede k rozvoji ateroskler\u00f3zy.<\/p>\n Ob\u00e9zn\u00ed pacienti m\u011bli vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hladiny cirkuluj\u00edc\u00edho amyloidu (\u010d\u00e1sti proteinu, kter\u00fd se hromad\u00ed v mezibun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9m prostoru b\u011bhem chorobn\u00fdch stav\u016f).<\/p>\n N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed auto\u0159i proto kladou obezitu, cukrovku a Alzheimerovu chorobu alespo\u0148 nep\u0159\u00edmo. Mezi nemoci spojen\u00e9 s t\u00edmto typem z\u00e1n\u011btu pat\u0159\u00ed ateroskler\u00f3za, diabetes, tromb\u00f3za, infarkt myokardu, mrtvice, metabolick\u00e9 poruchy a demence.<\/p>\n Morinda citrifolia (v polyn\u00e9sk\u00fdch jazyc\u00edch naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 noni) je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed exotick\u00e9 ovoce, kter\u00e9 obsahuje \u0159adu d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, aminokyselin, vitam\u00edn\u016f a miner\u00e1l\u016f. Ovoce noni sni\u017euje z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 procesy v t\u011ble a podporuje zdravou bun\u011b\u010dnou aktivitu a bun\u011b\u010dnou proliferaci. Calivita<\/a> Organic Noni<\/a> je d\u00e1le pos\u00edlena trojit\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dinkem bio gran\u00e1tov\u00e9ho jablka, bio t\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed a bio hrozn\u016f p\u0159idan\u00fdch k bio noni, co\u017e dod\u00e1v\u00e1 produktu intenzivn\u00ed ovocnou chu\u0165. Produkt Organic Noni poch\u00e1z\u00ed z certifikovan\u00e9ho ekologick\u00e9ho zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n Zdroj: <\/span>https:\/\/czech.calivita.com\/organic-noni-a-zanet-s-nizkou-aktivitou<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Z\u00e1n\u011bt neboli z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e1 reakce je stereotypn\u00ed, komplexn\u00ed, v\u00fdvojem z\u00edskan\u00e1 schopnost \u017eiv\u00fdch organism\u016f reagovat na r\u016fzn\u00e1 po\u0161kozen\u00ed, jejich\u017e p\u0159\u00edznaky jsou: eryt\u00e9m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[783,708,782,781,780,481],"class_list":["post-10731","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-calivita","tag-ateroskleroza","tag-diabetes","tag-inzulinova-rezistence","tag-organicke","tag-organicke-noni","tag-zanet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10731","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10731"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10731\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10732"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10731"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10731"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vitashop.info\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10731"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\u00daloha tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b p\u0159i z\u00e1n\u011btu<\/h2>\n
Zd\u00e1nliv\u00fd paradox \u2013 z\u00e1n\u011bt a inzul\u00ednov\u00e1 rezistence<\/h2>\n
Jak\u00fd je vztah mezi obezitou a inzul\u00ednovou rezistenc\u00ed a cukrovkou?<\/h2>\n
Produkce cytokin\u016f p\u0159i m\u00edrn\u00e9m z\u00e1n\u011btu<\/h3>\n
Zm\u011bny v bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9m metabolismu<\/h3>\n
Vznik inzulinov\u00e9 rezistence, jak\u00e9 jsou jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny?<\/h3>\n
Ateroskler\u00f3za, jak\u00e9 jsou jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a jej\u00ed vztah se z\u00e1n\u011btem?<\/h2>\n
Organic Noni je nov\u00e9 organick\u00e9 noni s bio ovocem<\/h2>\n